Kaiwhakapūpū polyurethane
Ko te kaihopu huka polyurethane he hua o te whakakotahitanga o te hangarau aerosol me te hangarau pahuka polyurethane. E rua ngā momo āhua hautai i runga i te momo ngongo me te momo pū. Ka whakamahia te Styrofoam hei kaihopu huka i roto i te hanga pahuka pūtau-iti. I te nuinga o te wā ka taea te wehewehe kia rua ngā momo: momo ā-tinana me te momo matū. Kei runga i te mea he tukanga ā-tinana te hanga o te hau (te whakakorikori, te whakangawari rānei) he tukanga matū rānei (te whakangaromanga o te hanganga matū, ētahi atu tauhohenga matū rānei).
Ingoa Ingarihi
Pahuka PU
Hangarau
Hangarau aerosol me te hangarau pahuka polyurethane
Ngā momo
Momo ngongo me te momo pū
Kupu Whakataki
Te ingoa katoa o te kaihoko pahuka polyurethane he hiri pahuka polyurethane kotahi-wāhanga. Ētahi atu ingoa: kaihoko pahuka, styrofoam, hiri PU. Ko te PU FOAM Ingarihi he hua o te whakakotahitanga whakawhiti o te hangarau aerosol me te hangarau pahuka polyurethane. He hua polyurethane motuhake e whakakīia ana ngā wāhanga pēnei i te polyurethane prepolymer, te kaihoko pupuhi, me te whakakorikori ki roto i te kēne aerosol ātete-pēhanga. Ina rehuhia te rauemi mai i te tāke aerosol, ka tere te horapa o te rauemi polyurethane rite ki te pahuka, ka totoka, ka tauhohe ki te hau, ki te makuku rānei i roto i te papa hei hanga pahuka. He whānuitanga o ngā tono. He painga o te pahuka o mua, te horapa nui, te iti o te whakaheke, me ētahi atu. Ā, he kaha pai te pahuka me te piri teitei. He maha ngā pānga o te pahuka kua rongoatia pēnei i te whakakī, te here, te hiri, te whakamarumaru wera, te mimiti oro, me ētahi atu. He rauemi hanga taiao, penapena hiko me te ngāwari ki te whakamahi. Ka taea te whakamahi mō te hiri me te mono, te whakakī i ngā āputa, te whakatika me te here, te tiaki wera me te whakamarumaru oro, ā, he tino pai mō te hiri me te ārai wai i waenga i ngā tatau me ngā matapihi me ngā pakitara maitai kirihou, koranu konumohe rānei.
Whakaahuatanga mahi
Ko te tikanga, ko te roa o te wā maroke o te mata he 10 meneti pea (i raro i te pāmahana rūma 20°C). Ka rerekē te roa o te wā maroke katoa i runga i te pāmahana me te haumākū o te taiao. I raro i ngā āhuatanga noa, ko te roa o te wā maroke katoa i te raumati he 4-6 hāora, ā, e 24 hāora, neke atu rānei, ka maroke i te kore i te takurua. I raro i ngā āhuatanga whakamahi noa (me te paparanga hipoki i runga i te mata), e kiia ana kāore e iti iho i te tekau tau te roa o tōna oranga mahi. Ka mau tonu te ngāwari me te piri o te pahuka kua whakamaroketia i te awhe pāmahana -10℃～80℃. Ko ngā mahi a te pahuka kua whakamaroketia he whakakōpiri, he here, he hiri, me ētahi atu. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e te kaihoko pahuka polyurethane aukati-mumura te eke ki te aukati mura o te taumata B me te C.
ngoikoretanga
1. He mea whakakī pahuka polyurethane, he teitei te pāmahana, ka rere, ā, he ngoikore te pumau. Kāore i te rite te pumau ki te pahuka mārō polyurethane.
2. He puhoi rawa te tere o te pahuka i te hiri pahuka polyurethane, kāore e taea te hanga i tētahi wāhi nui, kāore e taea te whakahaere i te papatahi, ā, he rawakore rawa te kounga o te pahuka.
3. He hiri pahuka polyurethane, he utu nui
Tono
1. Tāutanga tatau me te matapihi: Te hiri, te whakapiri me te here i waenga i ngā tatau me ngā matapihi me ngā pakitara.
2. Tauira pānuitanga: Tauira, hanga tēpu kirikiri, whakatika papa whakaaturanga
3. Ārai oro: Te whakakī i ngā āputa i roto i te whakapaipai o ngā rūma kōrero me ngā rūma pāho, ka taea te whakatangi i te ārai oro me te pānga whakamōhinuhinu.
4. Māra: Te whakarite putiputi, te māra me te whakapaipai whenua, he mārama, he ataahua hoki
5. Te tiaki i ia rā: Te whakatika i ngā poka, ngā āputa, ngā taera pakitara, ngā taera papa, me ngā papa
6. Te mono i te wai: Te whakatika me te mono i ngā turuturu o ngā paipa wai, ngā waikeri, me ētahi atu.
7. Te tākai me te tuku: Ka taea te takai ngāwari i ngā taonga utu nui me ngā taonga pakarukaru, te penapena i te wā me te tere, te ātete ki te ru me te ātete ki te pēhanga
Ngā Tohutohu
1. I mua i te hanganga, me tango atu ngā paru hinu me te puehu e mānu ana i runga i te mata o te hanganga, ā, me rehu ki te wai iti.
2. I mua i te whakamahinga, rūrūtia te tāke pahuka polyurethane mō te 60 hēkona neke atu rānei kia ōrite ai ngā mea o roto i te tāke.
3. Mena he momo pahuka polyurethane pū te mea e whakamahia ana, hurihia te tāke ki raro kia hono atu ki te miro o te pū rehu, tahurihia te takirere rere, ka whakatikatika i te rere i mua i te rehu. Mena he momo pahuka polyurethane ngongo te mea e whakamahia ana, whakapirihia te pūwero kirihou ki te miro takirere, whakaritea te paipa kirihou ki te āputa, ka pēhi i te pūwero hei rehu.
4. Kia tūpato ki te tere o te rere i te wā e rehu ana, ko te nui o te werohanga ka taea te haurua o te nui o te whakakī e hiahiatia ana. Whakakīia ngā āputa poutū mai i raro ki runga.
5. Ina whakakīia ngā āputa pēnei i ngā tuanui, ka taka pea te pahuka kāore anō kia whakamaroketia nā te kaha o te kaha. He mea pai kia tautokona tonutia i muri i te whakakīnga, kātahi ka tangohia te tautoko i muri i te whakamaroketia o te pahuka me te here ki te pakitara o te āputa.
6. Ka tangohia te pahuka i roto i te 10 meneti pea, ā, ka taea te tapahi i muri i te 60 meneti.
7. Whakamahia he maripi hei tapahi i te pahuka taikaha, kātahi ka pania te mata ki te moata sima, te peita, te kirikiri silica rānei.
8. Paunatia te kai pahuka kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga hangarau, tāpirihia kia 80 ngā wā o te wai mārama hei whakaranu kia puta he wai pahuka; kātahi ka whakamahia he mīhini pahuka hei pahuka i te wai pahuka, kātahi ka tāpirihia te pahuka ki te paru sima konupūmā kua whakaranua kia rite ki te nui kua whakaritea. Whakaohokia kia rite, ā, i te mutunga, tukuna te paru konupūmā kua pahuka ki te mīhini hanga, ki te pokepokea rānei hei hanga.
Ngā Tuhipoka Hanga:
Ko te pāmahana whakamahinga noa o te tāke pahuka polyurethane ko +5～+40℃, ko te pāmahana whakamahinga pai ko +18～+25℃. Mēnā he iti te pāmahana, me whakanoho tēnei hua ki te pāmahana pumau o +25～+30℃ mō te 30 meneti i mua i te whakamahinga kia pai ai te mahi. Ko te awhe ātete pāmahana o te pahuka kua whakamarokehia ko -35℃～+80℃.
He pahuka whakaora-makuku te paura polyurethane. Me rehu ki runga i te mata mākū ina whakamahia. Ka tere ake te whakamakuku o te mea, ka taea te horoi i te pahuka kāore anō kia whakamakuku ki te paura horoi, engari me tango te pahuka whakaora mā ngā tikanga miihini (te oro, te tapahi rānei). Ka huri te pahuka whakaora ki te kōwhai i muri i te whakamātaotanga e te hihi ultraviolet. E taunakihia ana kia pania te mata pahuka whakaora ki ētahi atu rauemi (te moata sima, te peita, me ētahi atu). I muri i te whakamahinga o te pū rehu, horoia tonutia ki te paura horoi motuhake.
I te wā e whakakapia ana te tāke, rūrūtia te tāke hou kia pai (rūrūtia kia 20 ngā wā), tangohia te tāke kau, ka hohoro te whakakapi i te tāke hou kia kore ai e totoka te putanga hononga pū rehu.
Ka taea e te takirere whakahaere rere me te pū whakakā o te pū rehu te whakahaere i te rahi o te rere o te pahuka. Ina mutu te werohanga, kati tonu te takirere rere i te taha matau.
Ngā Whakatūpato Haumaru
Ka piri te pahuka kāore anō kia whakamaroketia ki te kiri me ngā kākahu. Kaua e pā ki tō kiri me ō kākahu i te wā e whakamahia ana. Ko te pēhanga o te tāke pahuka polyurethane he 5-6kg/cm2 (25℃), ā, kaua te pāmahana e neke ake i te 50℃ i te wā e rongoa ana, e kawe ana hoki hei ārai i te pahūtanga o te tāke.
Me tiaki ngā tāke pahuka polyurethane mai i te rā tika, ā, kāore e whakaaetia kia whakamahia ngā tamariki. Kaua ngā tāke e waiho kia takoto kau i muri i te whakamahinga, inā koa ngā tāke pahuka polyurethane kua whakamahia kāore anō kia pau. Kāore e whakaaetia kia tahuna, kia pokaia rānei ngā tāke takoto kau.
Puritia kia matara atu i ngā mura ahi, ā, kaua e pā ki ngā mea mura me ngā mea pahū.
Me pai te hauhautanga o te papa hanga, me mau hoki ngā kaimahi hanga i ngā karapu mahi, i ngā koti mahi me ngā mōhiti kanohi i te wā e hanga ana, ā, kaua hoki e momi hikareti.
Mēnā ka pā te pahuka ki ngā kanohi, horoia ki te wai i mua i te haere ki te hōhipera mō te maimoatanga hauora; ki te pā ki te kiri, horoia ki te wai me te hopi.
Te tukanga pahuka
1. Tikanga prepolymer
Ko te tukanga whakapūpū i mua i te pūhui ko te hanga tuatahi i te (mea mā) me te (mea mangu) hei pūhui i mua i te pūhui, kātahi ka tāpirihia he wai, he whakakorikori, he matū horoi, me ētahi atu tāpiringa ki te pūhui i mua i te pūhui, ka whakaranua i raro i te whakaoho tere. Mākūkū, i muri i te whakamaroke, ka taea te whakamaroke i tētahi pāmahana kua whakaritea.
2. Tikanga haurua-prepolymer
Ko te tukanga pahuka o te tikanga semi-prepolymer ko te hanga i tētahi wāhanga o te polyol polyether (he rauemi mā) me te diisocyanate (he rauemi mangu) hei prepolymer, kātahi ka whakakotahi i tētahi atu wāhanga o te polyether, te polyester polyol rānei me te diisocyanate, te wai, ngā Catalysts, ngā surfactants, ētahi atu tāpiringa, me ētahi atu, ka tāpirihia, ka whakaranua i raro i te whakaoho tere-teitei kia pahuka.
3. Tukanga pahuka kotahi-taahiraa
Tāpirihia te polyether, te polyester polyol rānei (he rauemi mā) me te polyisocyanate (he rauemi mangu), te wai, te whakakorikori, te surfactant, te kaihoko pupuhi, ētahi atu tāpiringa me ētahi atu rauemi mata i roto i te taahiraa kotahi, ka whakaohokia i raro i te tere tere, kātahi ka pahuka.
He tukanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana te whakapūpū kotahi-taahiraa. Kei reira anō te tikanga whakapūpū ā-ringa, koinei te tikanga māmā rawa atu. Kia tika te paunatia o ngā rauemi mata katoa, ka whakatakotoria ki roto i tētahi ipu, kātahi ka whakaranua kia ōrite te ranunga o ēnei rauemi mata, ka werohia ki roto i te pokepoke, ki te wāhi rānei e hiahia ana kia whakakīia ki te pūpū. Kia mōhio: I te paunatia, ko te polyisocyanate (te rauemi mangu) me pauna whakamutunga.
Ko te pahuka polyurethane pakari ka whakapūpūhia i te pāmahana rūma, ā, he tino māmā te tukanga whakapūpū. E ai ki te nui o te mīhini hanga, ka taea te wehewehe ki te whakapūpū ā-ringa me te whakapūpū ā-ringa. E ai ki te pēhanga i te wā e whakapūpū ana, ka taea te wehewehe ki te whakapūpū pēhanga teitei me te whakapūpū pēhanga iti. E ai ki te tikanga whakapūpū, ka taea te wehewehe ki te whakapūpū ringihia me te whakapūpū rehu.
Kaupapahere
I whakarārangihia te kaihoko pahuka polyurethane e te Manatū Hanga hei hua hei whakatairanga me te whakamahi i te wā o te "Mahere Tau Rima Tekau mā Tahi".
Te tumanakohanga o te mākete
Mai i te tau 2000 i whakatairangahia ai, i whakamahia ai hoki ngā hua ki Haina, kua tere te tipu o te hiahia o te mākete. I te tau 2009, kua neke atu i te 80 miriona kēne te nui o ngā hua e pau ana i te mākete hanga ā-motu i ia tau. Nā te whakapainga ake o ngā whakaritenga kounga whare me te whakatairanga i ngā whare penapena hiko, ka piki haere tonu te nui o te glutathione i roto i aua hua ā muri ake nei.
I roto i te motu, kua tino matatau te hanga me te hangarau whakaputa o tēnei momo hua, e whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā kaipupuku kore-hauora e kore e whakangaro i te paparanga ozone, ā, kua whakawhanakehia ngā hua kua whakapūpū-mua (1). Haunga te whakamahi tonu a ētahi kaihanga i ngā wāhanga takirere kawemai, kua hangaia ētahi atu rauemi mata tautoko i roto i te motu.
Pukapuka tohutohu
(1) Ko te tikanga o te mea e kiia nei ko te whakapūpū-mua ko te 80% o te kaihoko whakapūpū polyurethane kua whakapūpūhia i muri i te rehu, ā, he iti noa iho te whakapūpū i muri mai.
Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā kaimahi te hopu i te kaha o ō rātou ringaringa i te wā e whakamahi ana i te pū pahuka, he mea māmā noa iho, he mea watea hoki, ā, kāore e moumou te kāpia. I muri i te rehu i te pahuka, ka mātotoru haere te kāpia i tērā i te wā e pupuhihia ana.
Mā tēnei, he uaua ki ngā kaimahi te hopu i te kaha o te kume i te pū i ō rātou ringaringa, ā, he ngāwari te moumou i te kāpia, kia 1/3 pea o te para. Hei tāpiri, he ngāwari te pēhi i ngā tatau me ngā matapihi o te kāpia kua whakawhanuitia i muri i te whakamaroke, pērā i te kāpia noa i te wheketere mākete.
Te wā tuku: Mei-25-2021